Discover the Rich History and Culture of Calcutta, Now Known as Kolkata
Calcutta, also known as Kolkata, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal. It is located on the east bank of the Hooghly River and is the principal commercial, cultural, and educational center of East India. The city has a rich history dating back to the 17th century, when it was founded by the British East India Company as a trading post. Over time, Calcutta grew into a major metropolis and became the capital of British India in the late 18th century. Today, Calcutta is a bustling city with a diverse population and a vibrant cultural scene, known for its historic architecture, art, literature, music, and cuisine.
2. What is the significance of Calcutta in Indian history ?
Calcutta has played a significant role in Indian history, particularly during the British colonial period. It was the capital of British India from 1707 to 1912 and was the center of British power and influence in the region. The city was also a hub of cultural and intellectual activity, with many notable writers, artists, and intellectuals calling it home. The Bengali Renaissance, which took place in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, had a significant impact on Indian literature, art, and music, and Calcutta was at the heart of this movement. Additionally, Calcutta was a major center of political activism during India's struggle for independence from British rule, with many key figures in the Indian independence movement, such as Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose, being associated with the city.
3. What is the current status of Calcutta ?
Calcutta, now known as Kolkata, is the capital of the Indian state of West Bengal and is a major urban agglomeration with a population of over 14 million people. The city continues to be an important cultural and educational center, with many notable institutions of higher learning and research located there. However, like many other cities in India, Calcutta faces challenges such as traffic congestion, air pollution, and poverty. The city is also known for its rich cultural heritage, including its architecture, literature, music, and cuisine. Efforts are being made to preserve and promote the city's cultural and historical assets, as well as to address the challenges it faces.
4. What is the significance of Mother Teresa in Calcutta ?
Mother Teresa, born Anjezë Gonxhe Bojaxhiu, was a Catholic nun who dedicated her life to serving the poor and marginalized in Calcutta. She founded the Missionaries of Charity, a religious congregation that provides care and support to those in need, particularly the sick, the dying, and the destitute. Mother Teresa spent most of her life in Calcutta, where she established her order's headquarters and built a network of hospices, orphanages, and other charitable institutions. She became known for her selfless service and compassion, and was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1979 for her work. Mother Teresa is revered as a saint by the Catholic Church and is widely admired for her devotion to serving others.
5. What are some popular tourist attractions in Calcutta ?
Calcutta, now known as Kolkata, has a rich cultural heritage and many notable tourist attractions. Some of the most popular include:
* Victoria Memorial: A grand white marble building built in the early 20th century to commemorate Queen Victoria.
* Howrah Bridge: A famous bridge over the Hooghly River that connects Calcutta with its twin city, Howrah.
* Eden Gardens: A large public park that hosts concerts, festivals, and sports events.
* Indian Museum: One of the oldest and largest museums in India, featuring a wide range of exhibits on art, history, and science.
* Dakshineswar Kali Temple: A Hindu temple dedicated to the goddess Kali, famous for its association with the poet and philosopher Rabindranath Tagore.
* Belur Math: A beautiful temple dedicated to Swami Vivekananda, one of India's most influential spiritual leaders.
* Park Street Cemetery: A historic cemetery that is the final resting place of many notable figures from Calcutta's past, including several British colonial officials and Indian nationalists.
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