Understanding Electricity: A Guide to Key Terms and Concepts
Ampere (A) is the unit of electrical current. It is defined as the flow of one coulomb per second. In other words, it is the amount of electric charge that flows through a given area in one second. The symbol for ampere is "I".
Q: What is Coulomb ?
Coulomb (C) is the unit of electrical charge. It is defined as the quantity of electric charge that flows through a given area in one second. The symbol for coulomb is "Q".
Q: What is Ohm's Law ?
Ohm's Law states that the current flowing through a conductor is directly proportional to the voltage applied across it, and inversely proportional to the resistance of the conductor. Mathematically, this can be expressed as:
I = V/R
where I is the current in amperes (A), V is the voltage in volts (V), and R is the resistance in ohms (Ω).
Q: What is Resistance ?
Resistance (R) is the opposition to the flow of electric current through a conductor. It is measured in ohms (Ω) and depends on the material of the conductor, its length, and its cross-sectional area.
Q: What is Voltage ?
Voltage (V) is the potential difference between two points in an electrical circuit. It is measured in volts (V) and is the driving force behind the flow of electric current.
Q: What is Power Factor ?
Power factor (PF) is a measure of how efficiently an AC power source is being used. It is defined as the ratio of real power (active power) to apparent power (total power). A perfect power source would have a power factor of 1, while a poor power source would have a power factor close to 0.
Q: What is Efficiency ?
Efficiency is a measure of how well a device or system converts input energy into useful output energy. It is defined as the ratio of output power to input power. For example, an efficient motor might have an efficiency of 90%, meaning that it converts 90% of the input energy into useful mechanical work, while losing 10% as heat and other losses.
Q: What is Watt ?
Watt (W) is the unit of electrical power. It is defined as the rate at which energy is used or produced, and is measured in watts (W). One watt is equal to one joule per second (J/s).
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