Understanding Exencephalus: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Exencephalus is a rare congenital brain malformation that occurs when the brain does not properly develop within the skull. It is characterized by an enlarged brain that pushes against the skull and can cause a variety of symptoms, including developmental delays, seizures, and difficulty with movement and coordination.

Exencephalus can be caused by genetic mutations or other factors during fetal development. In some cases, it may be associated with other congenital anomalies, such as hydrocephalus (fluid accumulation in the brain) or spina bifida (a type of spinal cord birth defect).

Treatment for exencephalus typically involves managing the symptoms and addressing any underlying causes. This may include medications to control seizures, physical therapy to improve movement and coordination, and surgery to relieve pressure on the brain. In some cases, children with exencephalus may require ongoing medical care and support throughout their lives.