Understanding Granulomas: Causes, Types, and Treatment Options

Granuloma is a type of inflammatory response that occurs in the body when a foreign substance, such as a bacterium or fungus, cannot be eliminated by the immune system. In this response, immune cells gather around the offending substance and form a cluster, called a granuloma, to try to contain it and prevent it from spreading.

Granulomas can form in various parts of the body, including the lungs, lymph nodes, and skin. They are often seen in conditions such as tuberculosis, leprosy, and cat-scratch disease.

The formation of granulomas is a complex process that involves several different types of immune cells, including macrophages, T cells, and B cells. These cells work together to encapsulate the foreign substance and prevent it from spreading to other parts of the body.

Granulomas can be either active or inactive. Active granulomas are those that are still producing inflammation and trying to contain the offending substance, while inactive granulomas are those that have already contained the substance and are no longer producing inflammation.

In some cases, granulomas can become chronic and persistent, leading to ongoing inflammation and tissue damage. In these cases, treatment may be necessary to remove the offending substance and prevent further complications.