Understanding Hypernephroma: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Hypernephroma is a rare type of cancer that affects the kidney. It is a malignant tumor that originates in the nephron, the functional unit of the kidney responsible for filtering waste and excess fluids from the blood. Hypernephroma is also known as renal cell carcinoma (RCC).

The exact cause of hypernephroma is not fully understood, but it is believed to be linked to genetic mutations and exposure to certain environmental factors such as smoking and exposure to certain chemicals. The disease is more common in men than women and typically affects people between the ages of 50 and 70.

Symptoms of hypernephroma can include blood in the urine, pain in the flank or abdomen, fatigue, weight loss, and high blood pressure. If the tumor spreads to other parts of the body, it can cause additional symptoms such as bone pain, seizures, and swelling of the legs.

Hypernephroma is diagnosed through a combination of imaging tests such as CT scans, MRI scans, and ultrasound, and a biopsy to confirm the presence of cancer cells. Treatment options for hypernephroma depend on the stage and location of the tumor and can include surgery, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy with drugs such as sunitinib and pazopanib. The prognosis for hypernephroma varies depending on the stage and aggressiveness of the disease, but in general, the earlier it is detected and treated, the better the outcome.