Understanding Keratinization: The Process That Protects Our Skin and Hair

Keratinization is a process by which epithelial cells undergo a transformation to become more compact and resistant to mechanical stress. This process involves the deposition of keratin, a type of protein that gives strength and rigidity to the skin and hair. Keratinization occurs in several layers of epithelial tissue, including the epidermis, the outermost layer of the skin, and the hair follicle.
Keratinization is an important mechanism for protecting the body from external damage. For example, the skin's epidermal layer is composed of dead cells that are held together by keratin filaments, providing a barrier against mechanical stress and water loss. Similarly, the hair follicle is surrounded by a thick layer of keratinized cells that help to protect the delicate hair shaft from damage.
Keratinization can be influenced by various factors, such as genetics, hormones, and environmental factors like UV radiation and chemicals. Abnormalities in keratinization can lead to a range of skin conditions, including eczema, psoriasis, and cancer.