Understanding Periostitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Periostitis is a condition where the membrane that surrounds the bone, called the periosteum, becomes inflamed. The periosteum is a thin layer of tissue that covers the surface of the bone and provides support and stability to the bone. When the periosteum becomes inflamed, it can cause pain and stiffness in the affected area.
Periostitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Infection: Bacterial or viral infections can cause periostitis by infecting the periosteum and causing inflammation.
Trauma: A blow to the bone or a fall onto the bone can cause periostitis by damaging the periosteum.
Overuse: Repetitive stress on the bone, such as from running or jumping, can cause periostitis by irritating the periosteum.
Inflammatory conditions: Conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis can cause periostitis by causing inflammation in the joints and surrounding tissues.
Cancer: In rare cases, periostitis can be a symptom of bone cancer.
Symptoms of periostitis may include:
Pain: Pain is the most common symptom of periostitis. The pain can be aching, sharp, or throbbing and may be worse with movement or weight-bearing.
Stiffness: Stiffness in the affected joint or limb is common with periostitis.
Swelling: Swelling in the affected area is also common.
Redness: The affected area may be red and warm to the touch.
Fever: In some cases, periostitis may be accompanied by a fever.
Treatment of periostitis depends on the underlying cause. Antibiotics may be prescribed if the condition is caused by an infection. Rest, ice, compression, and elevation (RICE) may be recommended to reduce pain and inflammation. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen or naproxen may also be recommended to reduce pain and inflammation. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to remove the affected tissue or repair any damage to the bone.