Understanding Piriformis Syndrome: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Piriformis (piriformis muscle) is a muscle located in the lower part of the body, specifically in the gluteal region. It runs from the base of the spine to the thigh bone (femur) and helps to rotate the hip joint outward. The piriformis muscle is one of the six muscles that make up the lateral rotator group of the hip, along with the gluteus minimus and gluteus medius muscles.

Piriformis syndrome is a condition where the piriformis muscle becomes tight or inflamed, compressing the nearby sciatic nerve and causing pain, numbness, and tingling in the lower back and legs. This condition is often caused by overuse or injury to the muscle, such as from running or other high-impact activities. Treatment for piriformis syndrome typically involves physical therapy, stretching exercises, and anti-inflammatory medications. In severe cases, surgery may be necessary to release the compressed nerve.