Understanding Rhinovirus: Types, Transmission, Symptoms, and Seasonality

Rhinovirus (RV) is a member of the Picornaviridae family and is one of the most common causes of the common cold. There are more than 100 different serotypes of rhinovirus, which are classified into three genera: A, B, and C. Rhinovirus A is the most prevalent and accounts for approximately 90% of all rhinovirus infections.

Rhinovirus is a small, non-enveloped virus with a single-stranded RNA genome. It is transmitted through the air by droplets or close contact with an infected person, and can also survive on surfaces for several days. The incubation period for rhinovirus is typically between 24 to 48 hours, and symptoms can include runny nose, sneezing, coughing, fever, and headache.

Rhinovirus infections are highly seasonal, with the majority of cases occurring during the winter months. This is thought to be due to the lower humidity and colder temperatures, which may make it easier for the virus to spread. In addition, rhinovirus is more stable at lower temperatures, allowing it to survive longer on surfaces and in the air.

There is currently no specific treatment or vaccine available for rhinovirus infections, and treatment is primarily focused on relieving symptoms. However, researchers are actively working on developing a vaccine against rhinovirus, which could potentially help prevent or reduce the severity of common cold symptoms.