Understanding Scotoma: Causes, Types, and Treatment Options

Scotoma is a term used in ophthalmology to describe a blind spot or missing area in the visual field of an individual. It can be caused by various conditions such as retinal detachment, stroke, or brain injury. Scotoma can affect one or both eyes and may be temporary or permanent.

There are different types of scotoma, including:

1. Hemianopia: A blind spot that affects one side of both eyes.
2. Quadrantanopia: A blind spot that affects one quarter of the visual field.
3. Homonymous hemianopia: A blind spot that affects both sides of the visual field.
4. Scotoma of the central vision: A blind spot in the center of the visual field.

Scotoma can cause difficulty with everyday activities such as reading, driving, and recognizing faces. Treatment options for scotoma depend on the underlying cause and may include surgery, medication, or vision therapy.