Understanding Swollen Ankles, Feet, and Legs (Oedema): Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Swollen ankles, feet and legs (oedema) is a condition where the tissues in these areas become inflamed and retain fluid. This can cause the affected limbs to become puffy, tender and painful.
Oedema can occur for a variety of reasons, including:
1. Poor circulation: When blood flow is restricted or slowed down, it can lead to fluid buildup in the affected area.
2. Injury or trauma: A sprain, strain or fracture can cause swelling as the body's natural response to injury.
3. Infection: Bacterial or viral infections can cause inflammation and fluid retention in the affected limbs.
4. Allergic reactions: Certain allergies can cause swelling in the feet, ankles and legs.
5. Medical conditions: Certain medical conditions such as lymphedema, kidney disease, heart failure and liver disease can cause oedema.
6. Medications: Some medications such as steroids, hormone replacement therapy and certain antidepressants can cause fluid retention and swelling.
7. Poor nutrition: A diet low in essential nutrients such as protein, vitamin C and zinc can contribute to poor circulation and fluid retention.
8. Lack of exercise: Inactivity can lead to poor circulation and fluid buildup in the affected limbs.
9. Obesity: Excess weight can put strain on the circulatory system, leading to fluid buildup and swelling.
10. Pregnancy: Hormonal changes during pregnancy can cause fluid retention and swelling in the feet, ankles and legs.

If you are experiencing persistent or severe swelling in your ankles, feet and legs, it is important to seek medical attention to rule out any underlying conditions that may require treatment. Treatment options for oedema depend on the underlying cause, but may include elevating the affected limbs, compression stockings, diuretics and lifestyle changes such as exercise and a healthy diet.