Understanding Uveitis: Causes, Symptoms, and Treatment Options

Uveitis is a condition where the uvea, the middle layer of the eye, becomes inflamed. The uvea is made up of the iris, the ciliary body, and the choroid. Inflammation in any part of the uvea can cause symptoms that range from mild to severe.
The symptoms of uveitis can vary depending on the location and severity of the inflammation. Common symptoms include:
Eye redness or sensitivity to light
Blurred vision or vision loss
Pain or discomfort in the eye
Swelling of the eyelids
Redness of the conjunctiva (the thin membrane covering the white part of the eye)
Floating spots or flashes of light
Uveitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including:
Infections such as herpes simplex or toxoplasmosis
Autoimmune disorders such as rheumatoid arthritis or sarcoidosis
Trauma to the eye
Tumors such as melanoma or lymphoma
Uveitis can be diagnosed with a comprehensive eye exam. This includes a visual acuity test, dilated eye exam, and imaging tests such as ultrasound or MRI.
Treatment of uveitis depends on the underlying cause and severity of the inflammation. Treatment options may include:
Anti-inflammatory medications such as corticosteroids or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)
Antibiotics for bacterial infections
Immunosuppressive medications for autoimmune disorders
Surgery to remove a tumor or repair damaged tissue
In some cases, uveitis can lead to complications such as cataracts, glaucoma, or retinal detachment. It is important to seek medical attention if you experience any symptoms of uveitis to prevent these complications and preserve vision.