What is Levelling? Types, Applications, and Techniques

Levelling refers to the process of adjusting the height or position of a surface or object to make it level or even. This can be done using various tools and techniques, such as using a spirit level or a laser level to measure the angle or inclination of the surface, and then adjusting it to the desired level using shims, wedges, or other levelling devices.

There are different types of levelling, including:

1. Horizontal levelling: This involves adjusting the height of a surface to make it perfectly horizontal, meaning that it is parallel to the horizon.
2. Vertical levelling: This involves adjusting the height of a surface to make it perfectly vertical, meaning that it is perpendicular to the ground or other reference plane.
3. Angular levelling: This involves adjusting the angle of a surface to make it level, but not necessarily horizontal or vertical.

Levelling is used in a wide range of applications, including:

1. Construction: Levelling is an essential part of building construction, as it ensures that the foundation, walls, floors, and roof are all properly aligned and level.
2. Surveying: Levelling is used to measure the height and position of points on the ground, which is essential for surveying and mapping.
3. Machine tooling: Levelling is used to ensure that machine tools, such as lathes and milling machines, are properly aligned and level, which is essential for precision machining.
4. Automotive: Levelling is used in the automotive industry to ensure that vehicles are properly aligned and level, which can improve handling, stability, and fuel efficiency.
5. Agriculture: Levelling is used in agriculture to ensure that fields are properly graded and level, which can improve drainage, soil health, and crop yields.